Hash Generator Guide: MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, and SHA-512 Explained
Learn how cryptographic hash functions work, the differences between MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, and SHA-512, and when to use each hash algorithm.
What Is a Cryptographic Hash?
A cryptographic hash function takes an input of any size and produces a fixed-size output called a digest or hash. Hash functions are one-way — you cannot reverse a hash back to the original input. They are deterministic, meaning the same input always produces the same hash. Properties include preimage resistance, second preimage resistance, and collision resistance.
MD5 — Fast but Broken
MD5 produces 128-bit hashes and was once widely used for file integrity checking. However, MD5 is cryptographically broken — collision attacks are practical and can be computed in seconds on consumer hardware. Never use MD5 for security purposes. It should only be used for non-cryptographic checksums like file deduplication.
SHA-1 — Deprecated and Unsafe
SHA-1 produces 160-bit hashes and replaced MD5 in many protocols. In 2017, Google demonstrated a practical collision attack (SHAttered). Major browsers now reject SHA-1 certificates. SHA-1 should not be used for any security application. Migrate to SHA-256 or SHA-512 for all use cases.
SHA-256 and SHA-512 — Current Standards
SHA-256 (256-bit) and SHA-512 (512-bit) are part of the SHA-2 family and are currently considered secure. SHA-256 is widely used in TLS certificates, digital signatures, and blockchain technology. SHA-512 is faster on 64-bit processors and provides a larger hash size. Both are recommended for modern applications.
Using the WebUtil Hash Generator
Our free Hash Generator lets you compute MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, and SHA-512 hashes instantly in your browser. All computation uses the Web Crypto API and happens client-side. Your input never leaves your device. Use it to verify file integrity, generate checksums, or experiment with hash functions.
Use our free online tool to get started instantly.